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Thus, further longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain cause and effect and to correlate flicker-induced vasodilation with retinal neuronal functions using tests such as electroretinography.
This method of univariate analysis cannot be used to ascertain cause and effect, as clinical signs of decreased muscle oxygenation likely leads clinicians to start pressors.
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Unlike medical experts, these scientists specialize in the study of networks themselves — anything ranging from neighborhoods linked via the power grid to teenagers linked on Facebook — and they are familiar with the difficulty of ascertaining cause and effect in such complex constructs.
Ascertaining cause and effect is however more difficult.
However, ascertaining cause and effect is more difficult for many reasons that include occurrence by chance of two common symptoms, the changing definition of GORD, equipment limitations and the lack of randomised controlled trials.
Longitudinal studies are recommended to ascertain the cause-and-effect relationships between job and organisational factors on the one hand and the self-perceived ability to continue working on the other hand.
It is difficult to ascertain the cause and effect relationship, as only a single episode was observed.
Second, it should be remembered that this is an observational study and that only the associations between target and outcome can be ascertained, not cause and effect.
Thus, cause-and-effect relationships cannot be ascertained.
The law of cause-and-effect.
For this finding, the exact temporal sequencing of events was not ascertained, making extrapolation of exact cause and effect difficult.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com