All EQ-5D calculations allow a comprehensive evaluation of the actual value of an intervention for the patient: it is a comparative effectiveness measure for HRQoL that is recognized as reliable, valid, and responsive in the literature [ 37, 38].
However, global rating scales are regarded as clinically relevant and valid, and responsive to measure patients' perceived recovery.
The QOLRAD has been documented as being a reliable, valid and responsive instrument in subjects with heartburn [ 22].
Therefore, EQ-5D and WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) questionnaires are recognized as the most reliable, valid, and responsive in the literature [ 9, 10].
The company's purpose has been defined as: to provide reliable, valid and responsive outcomes measures and aggregate data management services to enable real-time information that empowers clinicians, patients, payers, and policy makers, and facilitates choice, delivery and payment based on the most effective rehabilitation therapy.
The HAQ has played an influential role in establishing health outcome assessment as a quantifiable set of reliable, valid and responsive hard data points.
The HADS is widely used in clinical research and has been shown to be reliable, valid, and responsive for use as a screening tool in patients with OA. 43 Pain was assessed with a subscale of the WOMAC.
The HADS is widely used in clinical research, and has been shown to be reliable, valid and responsive for use as a screening tool in patients with OA [ 1].
They demonstrated that the Symptom Severity Scale is highly reproducible (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.91), internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha, 0.89), valid, and responsive to clinical change (expressed as the effect size: 1.4 for severity of symptoms).
The authors concluded that the NDI is reliable, valid and responsive in various patient populations, including patients with acute and chronic conditions, as well as those suffering from neck pain associated from musculoskeletal dysfunction, whiplash-associated disorders, and cervical radiculopathy.
