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Unlike the conventional PC fabrication approaches where e-beam lithography process is used [39], the PC in this sensor is made by nanoreplica molding with a master wafer as PC mold and UV curable polymer as the replicating material [40].
Upon entering the cell, the EB is released from the constraints imposed by its protective corsett by reducing the disulphide-linked network of proteins, allowing it to swell in size as the replicating body forms.
This condition (referred to as Muller's ratchet) is only applicable to small populations [40], [41], which can be met in the case of HIV-1 under effective therapy, as the replicating pool of virus becomes very small and there are increasingly fewer viruses available for the restoration of viability due to recombination.
Because dsRNA molecules are known to form as the replicating intermediate of an RNA virus, the dsRNA form of a replicating RNA virus was initially assumed to be the silencing trigger in early models, predicting production of equal amounts of sense and antisense viral siRNAs in infected host cells.
The success of this project towards integrating these children back into mainstream education could lend itself well as the replicating model for future similar programmes across the nation.
However, it does not necessarily eliminate expectancy effects as the replicating researchers are aware of the original findings, and they may have expectations about whether the same result is likely to be obtained or not.
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As the results replicate the combined sample, they were not included in the main results of this paper.
As the virus replicates inside the cells, those cells produce GM-CSF.
For these daily measurements, one extra replicate was used in each test concentration that was treated the same as the replicates used for determination of the algal cells.
For the PAL samples, the two biological replicates served as the replicates for each of the 8 sampling stations.
We use these two time-courses as the replicates (removing the 1st section of the 13 section time-course) and use developmental time as the known time scale.
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