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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as specified below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"as specified below" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when you are referring to a list or instructions that you have previously stated. For example, "Please complete the form with the information requested below. All fields must be filled out as specified below."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Academia
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(20)
as detailed subsequently
as outlined in what follows
according to the following specifications
as explained in the section below
as per the details presented below
in the manner described subsequently
as indicated hereunder
as characterized below
as described below
as defined below
as designated below
as indicated below
as identified below
as quantified below
as modified below
as stipulated below
as set out below
as detailed below
as seen below
as shown below
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
55 human-written examples
Requirements for format and final production of the dissertation and thesis, as specified below, meet UMI standards and American Library Association (ALA) suggestions for preserving archival copies of the dissertation and thesis.
Academia
NuMat was prepared according to published protocol [ 14] with modifications as specified below.
Science
DNA was isolated according to Austerberry and Yao (8), with modifications as specified below.
Science
The in vitro activity of 12-Lox was assayed using a standard spectrophotometric method measuring the increase in the formation of conjugated dienes from the substrate arachidonic acid as described (68), with minor modifications as specified below.
Inoculated tubers were stored in tightly sealed dark boxes under high (~95%) humidity and at room temperature for 72 hours (during which time all RNA-seq samples were collected as specified below) and then moved to 11 13 Celsius for disease development and phenotyping at 11 days post inoculation.
Science
§provides a prompt, complete conference report as specified below.
Academia
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
5 human-written examples
The implementation of this functionality and SPARQL querying for resultant data is virtually identical to that of other descriptor computing services, and is readily accessible, either through the SHARE client or through a direct POST of an RDF graph containing an instance of the inchimolecule class (specified below) as input.
Science
Fixation and staining of 3D cultures with the antibodies specified below was performed as described previously [ 14, 25].
C2C12 and N2A cells were transiently transfected with expression plasmids (specified below) using Lipofectamine (Invitrogen, Breda, the Netherlands) as specified by the manufacturer.
Science
The magnet that we used for determining distance was also far below danger levels as specified by the Radiation Protection Act of 1958.
Academia
Codeml assumes a time-continuous Markov process of codon evolution [ 27] and ω-ratios were computed as Maximum-Likelihood-Estimates that maximize the probability to observe the multiple alignment under the assumptions specified below as outcome of the Markov process.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "as specified below" to clearly signal that detailed instructions, requirements, or specifications will be provided immediately after the phrase. This helps maintain clarity and organization in your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "as specified below" without actually providing the specifications or details immediately afterward. Ensure the information referenced is clearly and directly linked to the phrase to prevent reader confusion.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as specified below" functions as a transitional phrase, directing the reader's attention to forthcoming details or instructions. It prepares the reader for specific information that is crucial for understanding the preceding statement. Ludwig's examples confirm this usage across various contexts.
Frequent in
Science
55%
Academia
25%
News & Media
9%
Less common in
Formal & Business
8%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "as specified below" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase that serves to guide readers toward detailed information. Ludwig AI confirms its correctness and usability in English writing. It is most commonly found in scientific and academic contexts, indicating a formal register. While highly useful for providing clarity, writers should ensure that the specifications are indeed presented immediately following the phrase to avoid confusion. Related phrases, such as "as detailed subsequently" or "according to the following specifications", can offer variety while maintaining the intended meaning.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as explained in the section below
Replaces "specified" with "explained", focusing on clarity and understanding.
as detailed subsequently
Replaces "specified" with "detailed" and "below" with "subsequently", offering a more formal tone.
as per the details presented below
Replaces "specified" with "details presented", focusing on the information being provided.
as outlined in what follows
Uses "outlined" instead of "specified" and rephrases "below" with "in what follows", sounding more academic.
in the manner described subsequently
Shifts the focus to the manner of execution, using "described" instead of "specified".
according to the following specifications
Transforms the phrase into a prepositional phrase, emphasizing adherence to a set of specifications.
following the guidelines provided below
Emphasizes adherence to a set of guidelines rather than specifications.
pursuant to the conditions outlined below
A formal alternative suitable for legal or official documents, using "pursuant to" and "conditions".
as indicated hereunder
A more formal and somewhat archaic alternative, replacing "specified" with "indicated" and "below" with "hereunder".
in accordance with the stipulations below
Uses "stipulations" to replace "specifications", giving a more legal or contractual feel.
FAQs
How do I use "as specified below" in a sentence?
Use "as specified below" to indicate that you are about to provide details, requirements, or specifications. For example, "The software must be installed with the following settings, as specified below."
What can I say instead of "as specified below"?
You can use alternatives like "as detailed subsequently", "as outlined in what follows", or "according to the following specifications" depending on the context.
When is it appropriate to use "as specified below"?
It is appropriate to use "as specified below" in formal writing, technical documentation, and instructional contexts where clarity and precision are essential.
Is "as specified below" formal or informal?
"As specified below" leans towards the formal side. In casual conversation or informal writing, you might opt for simpler phrases like "here's what you need" or "the details are listed below".
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested