Most QSAR studies treat the removal of outliers, the selection of descriptors and the definition of applicability domain as separate stages within a QSAR workflow, often using different tools for each task [11, 20, 32, 33].
This was expressed as a percentage of those with CKDALL by either one of the pair using the KDIGO classification [ 1] in which stage 3a and stage 3b were considered as separate stages or by the KDOQI [ 2] classification in which stage 3 was considered as one stage.
However, as the above works treat feature learning and hashing function learning as two separate stages, they also have the similar problem as the traditional learning hashing method.
In recent years, various image encryption algorithms based on the permutation diffusion architecture have been proposed where, however, permutation and diffusion are considered as two separate stages, both requiring image-scanning to obtain pixel values.
Although the architecture used in this cipher is the one for which the permutation and diffusion are considered as two separate stages, the generation speed of permutation and diffusion keys allows reducing the computational time required by the duplication of the image-scanning stage during the permutation and diffusion operations.
Analysts fear these tests are part of a broader ICBM program as they could form separate stages of a three-stage long-range missile.
Director Chris Honer does little with the space other than use it as a series of separate stages, and though there is a nagging sense that being inside the mill cocoons us from the realities of an industrial town, the walk to and from the site in Ancoats provides a stark reminder that Manchester itself was once "cottonopolis" and that Dickens's rich fiction was grounded in grim fact.
Complex HVS models implement each of these low-level visual effects as a separate stage.
But psychological science has a more nuanced view of adolescence as a separate stage, between childhood and adulthood.
Straight talk, however, was not recognized as a distinct speech genre in English until the late 19th century, around the same time psychologists were identifying adolescence as a separate stage of development and debating how to manage it.
There was little evidence of support for policy proofing, defined as "the mechanism by which policies are assessed at design and review stages for their likely impact on particular areas of concern (e.g. poverty, equality, health)", as a separate stage in the policy cycle.
