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Results reveal that dramatic changes occur as early as first passage.
Cells were trypsinized with 0.25% trypsin-1mM EDTA (Invitrogen), and frozen in liquid nitrogen in FBS with 10% DMSO as first passage cells (P1).
Thus it is quite reasonable to define the rise time as first passage time to the mean.
For cross-species transmissions, also referred to as first passage, weanling hamsters from each of the 6 hamster species were intracranially inoculated with 263K stock at a titer of 2 × 10 lethal dose for 50% per 50 µL of a 1% brain homogenate.
The α-SMA expression level was calculated relative to that of NF-29 at third passage (1.0-fold as the control).
However, LIF alone (either vole or mouse), without embryonic feeder cells, was not sufficient to keep cells undifferentiated, and differentiation was observed as early as the second passage.
Because the virulence of the first-generation rabbit HEV was limited, we used virus recovered from the feces of rabbits inoculated with the GDC54 strain of HEV as a second passage inoculum for the further studies.
For second passage the dissociated cells were re-plated as above.
All of them show similar neurological signs as in the second passage, but with a shorter incubation period of 367±38 (n = 5), which is suggestive of strain adaptation (Table S3).
These values were normalized to the same fibroblast values as in the second passage.
Endothelial cells were obtained from human umbilical veins and cultured as first and second passage monolayers and then grown to complete confluency on cover slips.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com