Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as per previous
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as per previous" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to refer back to something that has been mentioned or agreed upon earlier in the conversation or document. Example: "As per previous discussions, we will proceed with the project timeline as outlined."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(20)
as we discussed
according to previous
in accordance with previous
As per earlier
According to previous
As previously stated
In accordance with previous
Based on previous
Consistent with previous
in line with previous
as per former
as per last
as per preliminary
as per recent
as per above mentioned
as per prior
as per above
as per previously
as per previously published
as per previously reported
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
As per previous findings, when eye movements were made towards the stimuli, faces that were presented for longer durations were preferred.
Science
As per previous literature, these components augment the activity of glycerol dehydrogenase enzyme in metabolism and provide assimilable nitrogen and sulfur source for cell growth.
Science
News Corp insiders reiterated that the decision to offer Current TV a cut price deal reflected commercial realities, and that its conduct had – as per previous statements - "nothing to do with politics".
News & Media
As per previous reports, E. faecium was found to possess more lipolytic activity than E. durans.
Let's look first at the C9 from a picture quality perspective (the E9, as per previous years, delivers the same picture quality, but souped up sound and design).
News & Media
Gilks, in the team ahead of Wes Foderingham as per previous rounds of the competition, then almost gifted Celtic a goal when passing directly to Rogic.
News & Media
The repeatability of both blood acid-base balance and performance responses to SBC2 and SBC3 was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with r value and significance level (i.e. p value) as per previous recommendations [2, 39].
Science
In order to relate the graph set work to the topology all hydrogen bonds are given their graph set designation and molecules are identified using their ARU designator as per previous discussions (see Fig. 10 for details).
Science
Immunoblotting was performed as per previous reports [17], [18].
Science
Placental tissue samples were handled as per previous studies [5], [9].
Science
The periodic peaks in terms of codon triplets at the beginning and at the end of the coding region are as per previous reports [25].
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "as per previous" to clearly reference established facts, agreements, or instructions to ensure clarity and avoid redundancy.
Common error
Avoid using "as per previous" excessively in informal contexts. Simpler phrases like "as mentioned before" or "previously" might be more appropriate.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as per previous" functions as a prepositional phrase, primarily used to introduce information that is based on or refers back to something already mentioned or established. Ludwig provides numerous examples demonstrating its usage across various contexts.
Frequent in
Science
69%
News & Media
12%
Formal & Business
3%
Less common in
Wiki
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "as per previous" is a grammatically correct and frequently used prepositional phrase that signals a reference to something already mentioned or agreed upon. According to Ludwig, it's particularly common in scientific, news, and formal business contexts. While useful for maintaining clarity and avoiding redundancy, overusing it in informal settings can make writing sound stilted. Alternatives like "according to previous" or "in accordance with previous" can offer slight variations in tone. Therefore, use it judiciously to enhance clarity and maintain an appropriate level of formality.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
As per earlier
Simply replaces "previous" with "earlier", maintaining the phrase's structure.
According to previous
Replaces "as per" with "according to", offering a more straightforward alternative.
As previously stated
Highlights that something has already been articulated.
In accordance with previous
Uses a more formal tone by substituting "as per" with "in accordance with".
Based on previous
Highlights that current information is derived from past data.
Consistent with previous
Emphasizes alignment with what has come before.
In line with previous
Indicates agreement or conformity with prior information.
Following previous
Focuses on the action of adhering to prior instructions or information.
Referring to previous
Explicitly states that the information is referencing prior content.
Pursuant to previous
Offers a more legalistic or formal tone.
FAQs
How can I use "as per previous" in a sentence?
You can use "as per previous" to refer to something that has already been mentioned, agreed upon, or established. For example, "As per previous discussions, we will proceed with the project timeline as outlined."
What's a more informal way to say "as per previous"?
For a more informal tone, you could use phrases like "as mentioned before", "previously", or "as we discussed".
Is "as per previous" considered formal language?
Yes, "as per previous" is generally considered a formal phrase, suitable for professional, academic, or official contexts. It's less common in everyday conversation.
Are there any common mistakes to avoid when using "as per previous"?
Ensure that what you're referring to with "as per previous" is clearly understood by your audience. Overusing formal phrases can also make your writing sound stilted, so use it judiciously. Simpler alternatives may work better.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested