Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as per described
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"as per described" is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
You can use "as per described" to refer to something that was previously described, usually in a previous statement. For example: "The car is in perfect condition, as per described in the listing."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Alternative expressions(20)
according to the protocol
outlined in the previous section
as mentioned
as stated
according to the description
as detailed previously
in accordance with the details
following the procedure outlined
pursuant to the description
as specified above
consistent with the description
as per depicted
as per prescribed
as per said
as per were
as per was
as per comment
as per discussed
as per details
as per suggested
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
4 human-written examples
To understand the interactions of the jamming detection metrics (Section 2.3) and to measure the impact of a jammer in various scenarios (Section 4.2), simulations are performed as per described in Section 4. The simulation is done by using various models as discussed in Section 2.1.
Nematodes were infected with B. thailandensis ATCC 700388 as per described.
Science
MTT assay were performed as per described previously to determine cell viability.
Science
Unless specified otherwise, 40 L4-staged nematodes were added to each lawn and infected as per described (Powell and Ausubel, 2008).
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
56 human-written examples
Epifluorescence-based imaging was performed per standard protocols, previously described in the reference Hall et al. (2007) and FUNCAT method was as per that described in the reference Dieterich et al. (2010).
Science
The arthritis score was determined by erythema, swelling, or ankylosis per paw, as described elsewhere [ 19].
The reaction mixture for PCR and conditions are as per protocol described by Koehn (1982).
Science
Viability was assessed using 3- 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay taken on days 3- 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumorks.
Science
In three steps (heat treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and Sephadex G-75 chromatography), an enzyme preparation was purified approximately 102-fold with an 18% yield as per protocols described to purify trypsin from other fish [1 3, 6, 9, 17].
Science
Jon Stewart, as per usual, described it best: "Oh, you're bleeding?
News & Media
The mRNA extraction was completed as per previously described protocols.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "as per described" to succinctly refer back to methods, protocols, or characteristics already detailed. This prevents redundancy and maintains conciseness in technical or scientific writing.
Common error
Avoid using "as per described" in casual conversation or informal writing. It can sound stilted or overly formal when simpler alternatives like "like I said" or "as mentioned" would suffice.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as per described" functions as a prepositional phrase, modifying a verb or noun by specifying that an action or characteristic is in accordance with a previous description. Ludwig AI confirms its validity, primarily within scientific contexts.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "as per described" is a valid phrase used to refer back to previously stated information, as confirmed by Ludwig AI. Although grammatically correct, it is relatively rare and primarily found in scientific literature. When writing, it's best to use this phrase in formal or technical contexts to maintain clarity and conciseness, but avoid it in casual communication. Alternatives like "as mentioned" or "according to the description" may be more appropriate for informal settings. Overall, understanding the context is important for effective use of this phrase.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
according to the description
Replaces "as per described" with a more formal and direct structure, emphasizing adherence to a prior description.
as detailed previously
Highlights the fact that the description was provided at an earlier point, adding a temporal element.
in accordance with the details
Uses more formal language to indicate agreement with specific information already provided.
following the procedure outlined
Specifies that the description refers to a process or method, adding a procedural aspect.
pursuant to the description
Employs legal or highly formal terminology to show compliance with an earlier description.
as specified above
Refers to a description provided earlier in the same text or document, indicating location.
in line with the description
Emphasizes alignment and consistency with the original description.
based on the details provided
Highlights that the current action or statement is founded on existing descriptive information.
consistent with the description
Stresses the uniformity between what is currently happening and the previous description.
in keeping with the guidelines
Refers to previously stated directives, suggesting an element of adherence to rules.
FAQs
What does "as per described" mean?
"As per described" means according to what has already been described or detailed. It's used to refer back to previously provided information.
How can I use "as per described" in a sentence?
You can use it to refer back to a method or procedure previously mentioned, such as: "The experiment was conducted "according to the protocol" "outlined in the previous section", as per described earlier."
Is there a simpler way to say "as per described"?
Yes, depending on the context, you could use phrases like "as mentioned", "as stated", or "according to the description".
When is it appropriate to use "as per described"?
It's appropriate in formal writing, especially in scientific or technical contexts, where you need to refer back to specific details already provided, ensuring accuracy and avoiding repetition.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested