The fatty acids are important precursors for the production of fuels and chemicals, and its biosynthesis is initiated by the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA which requires acetyl-CoA as key substrate.
In addition, molecules identified as crucial for development in vivo may likely serve as key substrate molecules for potential small molecule drug target intervention and for the establishment of conditions for stem cell manipulation such as in vitro organ formation.
Just as gene duplication is now regarded as a key substrate for genome evolution, this duplication of functional, regulatory modules is likely to have provided a rich source of phenotypic variation.
Glucose, as one of the key substrates in sodium gluconate fermentation, has a dual role of providing the required carbon source and increasing the environmental osmotic pressure.
"Here, we demonstrate that nicotine acts via the basal forebrain to suppress sleep-promoting effects of alcohol further implicating the basal forebrain as a key substrate in nicotine alcohol co-use".
In cells, NADH serves as a key substrate and regulator of hVDAC2.
Previous studies have demonstrated that PKC δ serves as a key substrate for caspase-3 during apoptotic cell death.
Lethal (2) giant larvae (abbreviated Lgl) was identified by several groups as the key substrate for aPKC [ 49- 51].
The comparatively high catalytic efficiencies that YbdB and YdiI display with benzoyl-CoA serving as substrate, suggests that the benzoyl groups of the respective physiological substrates (hydroxy benzoyl- holoEntB and 1,4-dihydroxynapthoyl-CoA serve as the key substrate recognition motif.
SAM serves as a precursor of nicotianamine, for which a role in metal ion homeostasis through chelation mechanisms has been reported [ 50, 51], and as a key substrate of certain methylases for the regeneration of GSH [ 52, 53].
