Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as key determining
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as key determining" is not correct in standard written English.
It may be intended to describe something that plays a crucial role in making a decision or influencing an outcome, but it lacks a noun to complete the thought. Example: "Factors such as economic stability are as key determining elements in the success of a project."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(4)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
Furthermore these data suggest that rIPK2 and rIPK1 act as key determining steps in production of IP5 and IP6, respectively.
Academia
Clinical and biomechanical studies have explored the risk factors associated with plaque vulnerability and have identified plaque composition and morphology as key determining factors for plaque vulnerability and likelihood of rupture [ 33– 33].
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
As you note in "Juveniles and the Death Penalty" (editorial, Oct. 13), when the Supreme Court decides whether executing offenders under 18 violates the Eighth Amendment, it looks to evolving standards of decency as a key determining factor.
News & Media
Al has been reported from many studies since the 1920's as the key determining toxic factor in acid soils.
8 14 Parental educational status is observed as a key determining factor in childhood morbidity in developing countries.
Science
Recent structural studies have revealed the conformational changes of the AID as a key determining factor in regulating AMPK activity.
Science
This is in line with previous results of Banjo and colleagues who found that the age of the requesting patient/client as being a key determining factor [ 9].
Science
Foot-stretcher forces have been identified as key variables determining rowing performance.
Science
Trandahl, whose account is seen by investigators as key to determining whether Speaker Dennis Hastert knew about Foley's conduct, took questions for four hours in a closed session.
The design stage of product development, recognized as key for determining costs and profitability, is also an unparalleled window of opportunity to champion the environment.
The statistical evaluation identified the centrifugation force and solubilization pH as key parameters determining the protein content and recovery in the supernatant fraction.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When aiming for clarity and grammatical precision, replace "as key determining" with alternatives like "as a key factor" or "as a crucial element."
Common error
Avoid using "as key determining" without a noun to complete the phrase. Ensure you're using it as a modifier for something concrete; otherwise, rephrase for better grammatical correctness.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
2.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as key determining" functions as a modifier, attempting to describe something of critical importance in influencing an outcome. However, as Ludwig AI points out, the structure is often grammatically incomplete, requiring a noun to properly modify.
Frequent in
Science
50%
News & Media
25%
Academia
25%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "as key determining" is grammatically questionable and should be used with caution. Ludwig AI suggests that it often lacks a necessary noun and could be improved by using alternatives like "as a key factor" or "as a crucial element". While it appears in some academic, scientific, and news contexts, its awkwardness makes it less suitable for formal writing. Therefore, prioritize clarity and grammatical precision by opting for better-structured alternatives.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as a key determinant
Replaces the adjective 'determining' with the noun 'determinant', creating a more grammatically sound structure.
as a crucial factor
Substitutes 'key determining' with 'crucial factor' for enhanced clarity and adherence to standard English.
as a vital element
Replaces 'key determining' with 'vital element' to provide a more polished and grammatically acceptable alternative.
as a significant influence
Changes the structure to highlight influence rather than determination, improving grammatical flow.
as a primary driver
Focuses on the driving force aspect, using 'primary driver' instead of the original phrase.
as a central component
Emphasizes the importance of the element as a core part of a system or process.
as a fundamental aspect
Highlights the basic or essential nature of the factor in question.
as a cornerstone
Metaphorically positions the factor as a foundational element.
as a linchpin
Implies that the factor is essential for holding something together or making it function.
as instrumental in determining
Adds 'instrumental in' to clarify the role of the factor in the process of determining.
FAQs
What are some grammatically correct alternatives to "as key determining"?
You can use alternatives like "as a key determinant", "as a crucial factor", or "as a vital element" depending on the context.
Is "as key determining" grammatically correct in formal writing?
No, "as key determining" is generally considered grammatically incorrect. It's better to use phrases like "as a key factor" or "as a significant determinant".
How can I use "as key determining" in a sentence correctly?
It's advisable to avoid using "as key determining" due to its awkwardness. However, if you must use it, ensure it modifies a specific noun, such as "Factors such as economic stability are as key determining elements in the success of a project."
What's the difference between "as key determining" and "as a key determinant"?
"As key determining" is grammatically incomplete. "As a key determinant" is grammatically sound and more appropriate for formal writing, as it uses the noun form "determinant".
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
2.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested