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Based on the questionnaire results, only 3.9% (N = 4/102) of horses were reported as having back pain.
Out of the 59 horses, 22% (N = 13) were reported by owners/caretakers as having back pain.
Horses considered as having back pain and lameness possibly associated with back disorders were pooled for subsequent analysis (N = 12, 11.8% in total).
We categorized subjects as having back pain if they responded on the Household Adult Questionnaire as having had lower and/or middle back pain over the preceding 12 months.
1. Sitting position In relation to sitting position of the students as part of their working environment, three variables were assessed: the use of a comfortable work stool, adjusting the work stool based on height and back position as well as having back support on the stool.
Interestingly, out of the 12 horses reported by caretakers as suffering from back pain, only 6 presented high muscular activity, whereas 31 horses out of the 37 presenting high muscular activity at the level of at least 1 tested site were not reported as having back pain problems.
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Whatever the true extent of its support for Mr Mobutu, France is seen as having backed a monstrous dictator even when he became a loser.
But even though he survived -- more intransigent than ever and suspicious of any opposition -- the United States was seen in the region as having backed a coup attempt.
There has been no official response from the Kremlin, which is widely seen as having backed the prosecution of Mr. Khodorkovsky as part of a broader campaign to curtail the oil baron's political ambitions.
In 2004, Hispanic voters in several states are identified as having backed Bush over Kerry, a controversial finding that helped boost Bush's overall support from Hispanics to near-record levels.
Rwanda is widely seen as having backed armed groups in the east of DR Congo as a way to fight Hutu rebels, such as the FDLR, who fled there after the 1994 genocide.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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