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The liner-shell interface was modeled as fully bonded.
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Although CP500-3 specimen had a de-bonded length of 600 mm, it showed the same strength as CP1600-3 specimen with fully bonded FRP for whole length.
The XPS Ti 2p, C 1s and N 1s peaks and the valence band spectrum show that the nitrogen, carbon, carbon combined with nitrogen is fully bonded to titanium as nitride, carbide and carbonitride, respectively.
Moreover, The XPS W4f, C1s and N1s peaks and the valence band spectrum indicated the presence of nitrogen, carbon, carbon combined with nitrogen (which is fully bonded to tungsten as nitride), carbide and carbonitride, respectively.
Material interfaces were assumed to be fully bonded.
Straight strands can be debonded; however, draped strands have to be fully bonded.
If the impact frequencies across the CFRP plate remain constant, the plate is fully bonded.
For finite element analysis, the stem and bone were assumed to be fully bonded without penetration.
Both the bone/cement and cement/implant interfaces were assumed to be fully bonded.
The femoral stem and medullary canal were assumed to be fully bonded without penetration.
The bone-screw interfaces were assumed to be fully bonded to simulate intimate bone-screw purchase.
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