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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as estimated below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as estimated below" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to estimates or projections that will be provided in the following text or section. Example: "The costs for the project will be outlined as estimated below, taking into account all necessary resources."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(20)
is equivalent to
in the wishes of
rapidly thereafter
for the immediate future
Very soon
somewhere later
one week before
at the early time
in the next weeks
it is important to remember
during the previous years
to avoid disruption
not yet completed
in accordance with direction from
a couple of books before
if not soon
as excellent as
in a flash
as instructed by the directive
as tall as
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
60 human-written examples
ICC estimates above 0.75 were considered as good reliability scores, estimates between 0.50 and 0.75 as moderate reliability scores, and estimates below 0.50 as poor reliability scores, respectively [ 52].
Science
As the slice synaptic plasticity experiments analysed here lasted only up to 1.5 hr (Sjöström et al., 2001) and we were interested in the relative changes we assumed constant N = 5.5 in our analysis below, as estimated in Markram et al. (1997) using data from the same connection type we used to fit our model.
Science
Values reported by the laboratory as estimated concentrations below the MRL were not included in the detection frequencies in the tables but were treated as estimated values to visualize distributions and for data analysis unless otherwise noted.
We then discarded loci whose coverage is outside the twofold range of global median coverage, loci whose minor allele frequency is below 10%% (as estimated in the full set of 725 monkeys), and loci with >=50 % missing calls.
Science
For example, if the maximum willingness-to-pay (WTP) of a payer is €50,000 per QALY gained, then posaconazole is considered a cost-effective treatment when posaconazole is more efficacious and the ICER of posaconazole relative to fluconazole as estimated with the model is below this €50,000.
Science
The effect of the IGF2pat model was set to 0.48 phenotypic standard deviations of the trait (as estimated in the data set, see below).
DHS data can be used to monitor "effective ANC coverage" which can be far below ANC coverage as estimated by current indicators.
Science
In this poll, the median estimate of the number killed in the camps was 1 million, still far below the actual numbers as estimated by today's historians.
News & Media
Decreased renal function, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 ml/mis/1.73 m, is an independent risk factor for mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD), not fully explained by traditional risk factors.
Science
Information on CKD was obtained from the laboratory database, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 ml/min per 1.73 m using the four-variable MDRD equation (stage 3 or higher CKD according to National Kidney Foundation guidelines) [ 24].
Science
In addition, patients with severe renal insufficiency [defined as estimated creatinine clearance (Cockroft and Gault) below 30 ml/min], treatment with diuretics or biguanides within 48 h before CT angiography, known thyrotoxicosis or a history of hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast agents were not included.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "as estimated below", ensure that the estimation is clearly presented and easily identifiable in the subsequent text. Use headings, tables, or bullet points to enhance clarity.
Common error
Avoid stating "as estimated below" without providing the corresponding estimation in the following section. Always double-check that the estimation is present and accurate.
Source & Trust
60%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as estimated below" serves as an introductory element, signaling that a subsequent section will provide an estimation or calculation relevant to the current discussion. It acts as a forward reference, directing the reader to expect quantitative information.
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Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "as estimated below" is used to introduce an estimation or calculation that will be presented later in the text. It's grammatically correct and suitable for various contexts, primarily academic, professional, and news-related writing. While the phrase itself is straightforward, ensuring the estimation it refers to is clearly presented is crucial. Related phrases like "as calculated hereafter" and "as projected later" offer nuanced alternatives. Remember to always provide the estimation and present it clearly in subsequent sections.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as approximated subsequently
Replaces "estimated" with "approximated" for a less precise feel and "below" with "subsequently" for temporal emphasis.
as calculated hereafter
Substitutes "estimated" with "calculated", implying a more precise, mathematical determination, and "below" with "hereafter", which lends a formal tone.
as projected later
Uses "projected" instead of "estimated", suggesting a forecast, and "later" in place of "below", focusing on the time aspect.
as determined in the following section
Replaces "estimated" with "determined", indicating a conclusive finding, and specifies "in the following section" for clarity.
the estimation detailed later
Rearranges the sentence structure and uses "detailed later" in place of "as estimated below" for a more concise expression.
the projected values are shown below
Restructures the sentence to emphasize the projected values and explicitly states that they are shown below.
estimates are presented in the next section
This alternative emphasizes that the estimations will be presented in the upcoming section.
the following calculations provide an estimate
Inverts the structure to foreground the calculations and their function as providing an estimate.
the details of the estimation follow
Emphasizes the upcoming details of the estimation, shifting the focus from the estimation itself to its components.
an estimation is outlined below
Highlights the action of outlining the estimation, which can provide further context in certain cases.
FAQs
How can I use "as estimated below" in a sentence?
You can use "as estimated below" to introduce a calculation or projection that will be detailed in the subsequent text. For example, "The project costs, as estimated below, include labor and materials."
What's a formal alternative to "as estimated below"?
A more formal alternative could be "as calculated hereafter" or "as determined in the following section".
What can I say instead of "as estimated below" if I want to emphasize a forecast?
If you want to emphasize a forecast, you could use "as projected later".
How can I make sure the estimation is clear after using "as estimated below"?
Use clear headings, tables, or bullet points to present the estimation in an organized manner after introducing it with "as estimated below".
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
60%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested