The phrase "as defined in the above" is not correct in standard written English.
It can be used when referring to a definition or explanation provided earlier in the text, but it should be rephrased for clarity.
Example: "The terms of the agreement are binding, as defined in the above section."
Alternatives: "as outlined above" or "as stated previously".
If z ∈ C, then Y ( z ) is an analytic function, and then it has a power series as defined in the above theorem with Equation (22).
Some properties of the function Y ( z ) = [ f ( z, r, λ, k, l ) ] m in (19) can be expressed as follows: If z ∈ C, then Y ( z ) is an analytic function, and then it has a power series as defined in the above theorem with Equation (22).
To illustrate this idea, ToothKit implements a search function that allows the user to search a disk using any of the classifiers supplied with the program and the similarity measure as defined in the above equation.
Therefore, SVM implementations simultaneously minimize the empirical risk as well as the risk associated with the VC confidence interval, as defined in the above expression.
The raw frailty score for a new individual, i, can be expressed as follows: DFactor score(i) = z fat w fat (i) + z loss w loss (i) + z grip w grip (i) + z fdiff w fdiff (i) + z act w act (i), where FAT is fatigue, LOSS is loss of appetite, GRIP is grip strength, FDIFF is functional difficulties and ACT is physical activity, as defined in the above frailty definition.
Predefined secondary outcome measures included comparisons between the two treatment groups for: the proportion of patients in remission (as defined in the parent studies (above)) at 12 months, and the components of the modified UC-DAI score (eg, sigmoidoscopy score).
Table 3 shows the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for identifying "sight threatening conditions" as defined in the methods above.
One type of dose investigation study is an extrapolation exercise (as defined in the Methods section above).
To avoid any confusion, we use the term "sensitivity" only with the meaning of "seed sensitivity" as defined in the "Seeds" subsection above.
The GP's diagnosis was classified by the research team as CWS if it matched anything under this umbrella term as defined in the ICPC (see above, in section on outcome and variables).
Research summaries addressing these topics were in general of moderate or poor quality and in only a few cases were they relevant (as defined in the methods section, above).
