This category included tools as channels, tools as methods, and tools as competencies.
In the following, latent traits are labelled as competencies and their fine-grained operationalizations as skills.
German National Educational Standards define EFL as competencies that students are expected to have acquired at a particular grade level or for a certain school-leaving qualification (Rupp et al. 2008).
Individual differences in psychometric intelligence and personality traits are usually conceptualized as basic tendencies and considered as building blocks of more malleable constructs such as competencies or skills (De Fruyt, Wille, and John, 2015; Hoekstra and Van Sluijs, 2003).
Many industrialized countries such as Australia, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the US have implemented reforms for engineering education in K-12 schools to promote technological literacy as well as competencies to create and evaluate design solutions (Cajas 2001; Lachapelle and Cunningham 2014).
Traditionally, social media skills have been viewed as competencies needed by marketing students.
These processes and functions can serve as competencies to be strengthened during refresher trainings to improve team performance.
This instrument was developed based on the fundamental tools and qualities perceived as competencies of a yoga practitioner according to the Krishnamacharya tradition.
Our research has drawn together these sources of evidence to elicit a theoretical understanding and develop a framework to define the characteristics of interdisciplinary team work and presented these as competencies for effective interdisciplinary team work.
Other competencies, such as competencies in social mobilization or specific research tools, have not been identified as priority training objectives, neither in the focus groups, nor by the questionnaire-study respondents.
This review highlights another potential weakness in existing global health training; medical schools may be pursuing secondary activities before establishing basic program components such as competencies and educational approaches.
