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This latter assumption, known as common time effects (see for example Blundell et al. [24]), would be unattainable if, for example, pre-treatment characteristics associated with the dynamics of the outcome variable are unbalanced between the treated and control groups.
4/4 is known as "common time".
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6 10 11 The mixed model for repeated measures is appropriate if participants are assessed at common time points, as is usual in clinical trials.
As for trace synchronization, previous studies [8],[9] have used the TSC (TimeStamp Counter) as a common time reference to approach timekeeping and clock drift issues among VMs.
Childhood dental caries has been reported to be the most prevalent infectious disease in our nation - 5 times as common as asthma and 7 times as common as hay fever [ 6].
In 1974, service calls for American-made color televisions were five times as common as for Japanese televisions.
Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in African-Americans, and about five times as common as among whites.
According to statistics compiled by the F.B.I., anti-Muslim hate crimes multiplied after September 11th, and they have remained five times as common as they were before 2001.
What makes the population different today is that eczema is two to three times as common as in the past; the reason is not known.
Bulimia, two to six times as common as anorexia, has less severe health consequences, but takes over patients' lives and destroys their psychological well-being.
The reason for the campaign, Dr. Beach said, is that diarrhea outbreaks caused by cryptosporidium -- though still rare, considering the hundreds of millions of visits to pools each summer -- are 10 times as common as they were 15 years ago.
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