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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as appropriate by
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as appropriate by" is not correct in standard written English.
It seems to be an incorrect construction and does not convey a clear meaning. Example: "The committee will make decisions as appropriate by the guidelines set forth in the charter."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
43 human-written examples
The Trust believes that for a small number of people who have been assessed as appropriate by an MS specialist consultant, the NHS should be willing to fund Sativex".
News & Media
No indication scored as appropriate by the panel was classified as inappropriate and vice versa.
Science
The first assessment was performed at the baseline PEEP level that had been chosen as appropriate by the clinician.
Science
After the 24-hour intervention period, study drugs were discontinued and open-label dobutamine was started if judged as appropriate by the attending ICU physician.
Science
Covering the deceased donor's funeral expenses is assessed as appropriate by 37.7% of students of economics and 37.8% of students of medicine (see Table 2), but one fifth (students of economics: 23.9%; students of medicine: 20.0%) are undecided.
Science
Here we use criteria of whether the protein has been suggested as appropriate by the authors of a GWA study, or whether there is other literature support for its relevance.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
17 human-written examples
From this vantage point the zoo seems as appropriate as penguins surrounded by tropical jungle.
News & Media
Patients were also required to be assessed as appropriate to begin rehabilitation by the treating physiotherapist.
Science
Secondary antibodies conjugated to Alexa-488 (Molecular Probes), Rhodamine-RedX or AMCA (Jackson Laboratories) were chosen as appropriate and used as recommended by the supplier.
Science
As appropriated by Ms. Carroll, however, the subject discombobulated some audience members.
News & Media
The look and tone of the MOMA show are clinical, cool — even when the items are up-to-the-minute hot: a Colin Kaepernick jersey or a Dapper Dan jacket from the nineties, as appropriated by a recent Gucci runway.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When intending to express an evaluation or judgement, consider using "as deemed appropriate by" or "as judged suitable by" for enhanced clarity and precision.
Common error
Avoid using "as appropriate by" when the intention is to convey that someone has made a judgement of appropriateness. Instead, use constructions like "as deemed appropriate by the expert" to clarify who is making the assessment.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as appropriate by" functions as an adverbial phrase intended to modify a verb or clause, indicating the manner in which an action should be performed. However, it is not a standard or grammatically correct construction, as highlighted by Ludwig.
Frequent in
Science
70%
News & Media
15%
Wiki
8%
Less common in
Formal & Business
3%
Encyclopedias
2%
Reference
2%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "as appropriate by" is frequently used, primarily within scientific contexts, but deemed grammatically incorrect by Ludwig. It aims to express that an action should be done in a manner considered suitable based on certain criteria or by a specific entity. Due to its awkward construction, it's best to opt for clearer and more precise alternatives such as "as deemed appropriate by" or "as judged suitable by". These alternatives explicitly indicate who is making the determination of appropriateness, improving clarity and precision in writing. The improper usage could lead to misinterpretations, therefore you should replace it with better options.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as determined to be appropriate by
Emphasizes that an evaluation has been done.
as deemed appropriate by
Emphasizes a judgment or assessment made by a particular entity.
as considered suitable by
Highlights the aspect of suitability and the perspective of the evaluator.
as suitable according to
Focuses on the alignment with established guidelines.
when appropriate, according to
Focuses on timing and adherence to a set standard or guideline.
if deemed necessary by
Stresses the need or requirement for a particular action, based on someone's determination.
as judged fit by
Implies an evaluation process that determines the fitness or appropriateness of something.
when applicable, as per
Highlights relevance and conformity to established procedures or rules.
as circumstances dictate, by
Emphasizes adaptability to changing conditions and influence from a source.
depending on the situation, by
Highlights the influence of the situation and the role of the source.
FAQs
What is the grammatical issue with "as appropriate by"?
The phrase "as appropriate by" is grammatically awkward. It's generally better to use "as deemed appropriate by" or "as considered appropriate by" to clearly indicate who is making the judgment.
How can I rephrase "as appropriate by" for better clarity?
To improve clarity, consider using phrases like "as deemed appropriate by" or "as considered suitable by", which explicitly state who is making the determination of appropriateness.
Is "as appropriate by" ever considered correct?
While occasionally found in writing, "as appropriate by" is generally not considered standard English. It's better to opt for more precise alternatives like "as judged fit by" to avoid ambiguity.
What alternatives can I use to "as appropriate by" in academic writing?
In academic writing, prioritize clarity. Use alternatives like "when appropriate, according to" or "as determined to be appropriate by" to maintain a formal and precise tone.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested