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Translation fidelity assures the production of stable and functional proteomes, but it is not an error free biological process as missense, frameshifting and nonsense errors can all interfere with mRNA translation accuracy [1] [3].
Let the output of the binary bit-error random process at a discrete time instance be represented as, where an error-free bit.
The wireless channel is applied either as an error-free or a two-state channel error model which is depicted in Figure 6.
They illustrate the value in using a suite of different measurements as part of satellite FT validation, rather than simply treating in-situ measurements as an error-free 'truth'truth
The method is illustrated for the case of a physical channel which can either function as an error-free delay (virtual) channel or as a delay-free erasure (virtual) channel with a given probability of error.
For example, Lin et al. modeled the entire scene as an error-free network, where each node corresponds to a patch of the scene and each edge represents the activity correlation between the corresponding patches.
The primary message from our empirical exercise is that the use of a "cognitive ability measure" as an error-free independent variable in a wage regression can lead to quite different inferences than a more defensible approach (MESE) that treats cognitive ability as a latent construct.
The results obtained with the PRISM codec are shown in Figures 14 and 15, for a packet loss rate of, and, as a reference, for an error-free transmission (Foreman and Hallmonitor sequences, resp).
A valid measure was defined as one obtained on an error-free expiratory maneuver.
Please note that zero error cases do not correspond to an error-free link, as erroneous cases are expected to be observed with increasing number of OFDMA symbols.
This can be interpreted as the correct reception of the apoptosis message sent by TNF in an error-free transmission.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com