Instead, he thinks we begin with an empirical representation of space, remove the confused elements of that representation, and thereby obtain a clear and distinct idea, i.e., a conceptual representation of an abstract mathematical entity.[20] This discussion is reminiscent of Kant's fundamental disagreement with the Leibnizians regarding what Kant calls "sensibility" and "understanding".
A simple empirical representation of the effect of such exchange forces invokes the idea of an effective internal, or molecular, field Hint, which is proportional in size to the magnetization M; that is, Hint = λM in which λ is an empirical parameter.
The empirical representation of the equatorial spread F (ESF) statistics in the IRI scheme requires well established distribution statistics of ESF occurrence and intensity as a function of local time, season/month, latitude and solar and magnetic activity levels.
This cannot really be akin to a case of seeing an object directly in front of us, for one of Kant's points in the Metaphysical Exposition, as we have seen, is that the representation of places, and of objects as bearing spatial relations, presupposes the (non-empirical) representation of space.
Herder advances it only as an empirical rule of thumb.
Kant had envisioned anthropology as an empirical application of ethics, akin to empirical psychology as a application of pure metaphysical principles of nature.
I (my consciousness) must, as Kant put it, be both an empirical object of representation and the transcendental source of representations.
The empirical models and properties of the hydrogen-driven PAM actuator are used as a genuine representation of mechanical actuations.
Thus an apple serves as a visual representation of peace.
