Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(1)
The phrase "as above per" is not standard in written English and may cause confusion.
It could be used in legal or formal documents to refer back to previously mentioned information, but it is not commonly used.
Example: "Please refer to the terms outlined in the contract, as above per our previous discussion."
Alternatives: "as stated above" or "as mentioned earlier".
Exact(1)
Cartilage explants were equilibrated for 2 days in culture medium (250 μl of high-glucose DMEM with supplements (as above) per explant in a 96-well plate) under free-swelling conditions at 37°C in a standard cell-culture environment.
Similar(59)
Overnight-fasted db/db mice of both sexes were injected i.p. with vehicle or 0.1, 0.3, 1 or 3 mg Boc5 formulated as above (n≥10 per group).
Continuous variables were examined for outliers, and values ≥ 3 SD from the mean were removed from analysis with the exception of height and weight, as above, as per prior reports.
For example, when examining the complications among all patients with term and postterm pregnancies (37 0/7 weeks and beyond), the denominators can simply be as above, either per 1,000 live births or total births.
We defined "high" SES as above the median per-capita income for that region, and "low" SES as below the median per-capita income, and we used the U.S. Census Bureau (2000) data for per-capita income.
As noted above, per se illegality conclusively presumes the challenged practices unreasonable.
In the current study, independent cases were selected to represent one affected individual (as defined above) per family.
Following reverse transcription, qPCR was carried out using 5 μl of a 1/10 dilution of the cDNA samples (obtained as described above) per PCR reaction.
Concentration and quality of the RNA samples from 4 biological replicates (RNA prepared as described above) per cell line (MDCK and MDCK-Ras) were determined using the Agilent Bioanalyzer according to the manufacturer's instructions.
We kept the paired structure in the data and used the differences in PC-adjusted DNA methylation values, as described above, per twin-pair in the peak-calling algorithm.
We explored the relationship between HPV infection and pregnancy by considering grouped HPV genotypes per their oncogenic potential (high-risk and low-risk as described above), per their phylogenetic relationship within the genus Alpha-papillomavirus (species 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10) [ 12] and grouped HPV per their general tropism for the cervix or the vagina [ 13].
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com