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Following a common empirical regularity, we use the U.S National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a reference population.
In the most recent NHANES DLC data, 2005 2006 and 2007 2008, participants' sera have been physically pooled prior to laboratory analysis, introducing major challenges to their utility as a reference population: variability among individuals and relations with covariates are lost, and individual design effects cannot be applied.
Using the MET oncogene as a model target and a panel of genetically characterized cell lines as a reference population, we found that two different chemotherapeutic regimens – cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil – exerted widespread cytotoxic activity that was not further enhanced by MET inhibition with a monovalent anti-MET antibody.
For these two-population models, we treated the German population as a reference population with which we compared each of the remaining five populations in pairwise fashion.
Therefore in addition to the MLST analysis of the CF strains, we determined the MLST profiles of 72 colonizing S. agalactiae isolates, which were collected recently, as a reference population [8].
Age adjustment was performed for the Estonian data using Finnish men as a reference population.
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Sixth and last, COF-VAP was associated with increased ICU and hospital LOS including a trend towards increased mortality as compared to a reference population.
For the majority of the methods, estimates of individual autozygosity (I-ROH) were taken as a deviation from a reference population or group (A-ROH).
We assume that the unknown parental alleles are drawn from a reference population, such as one of the HapMap populations.
The oldest animals were used as a training population to mimic a reference population genotyped with the HD chip.
The age-distribution of the whole study-group is used as a reference-population; men and women are analyzed separately.
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