It is then assumed that in similar studies without a reference linkage similar PPVs would apply.
Taken together, the above results confirm the use of the N linkage as the reference linkage for this study.
Because of the high level of the accuracy of person links, these links were used as the reference linkage in this study.
The present study reports the first construction of genetic linkage maps for Nelumbo, which can serve as reference linkage maps to accelerate characterization germplasm, genetic mapping for traits of economic interest, and molecular breeding with marker-assisted selection.
The genetic maps generated in the present study can serve as reference linkage maps of Nelumbo species for efficient studies of comparative genetics, QTL analysis of traits of economic importance, and molecular breeding with MAS.
The linkage map of North American ninespine sticklebacks (Shapiro et al. 2009) and the threespine stickleback genome sequence (Ensembl, database v. 66.1) were used as a reference for the initial linkage group (LG) building.
For species lacking a reference genome and complete reference linkage map such as wheat, Triticum aestivum L., the majority of markers typed on a given population are unordered, and current genotype imputation methods cannot be used.
In contrast, only one of 12 Rattus genome breakpoints that we examined while using the Mus genome as a reference closely coincided with any linkage breakpoints that we found in deer mouse genome.
For the linkage map constructed using the unmasked scaffolds as a reference, each megascaffold anchored markers from multiple linkage groups, and megascaffolds 1 and 2 anchored markers from all 9 linkage groups.
Although the initial B. rapa linkage map served as a reference for the BrGSP, there was ambiguity in reconciling the linkage groups with the ten chromosomes of B. rapa.
