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Chromosomal gain comprising this region has been found as a frequent event in uterine cervix cancer [15] and HNSCC [16] and amplification of the entire chromosome arm 1q is considered an early event in breast carcinogenesis [17].
Our data identify PTEN deletions as a frequent event in breast cancer with marked prognostic impact.
Bisulfite sequencing analysis confirmed methylation as a frequent event in ccRCC.
DNA hypermethylation is reported as a frequent event and prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC).
Wang et al [ 30] showed the aberrant hypermethylation of p16, as a frequent event, in 88% of ESCC patients in China.
Mutations of the B2M gene have been reported as a frequent event in MSI-H colon cancer (Bicknell et al, 1996; Kloor et al, 2005).
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As Pten loss is a frequent event in PC, this may well explain the low sensitivity of PC cells to gefitinib.
As promoter hypermethylation is a frequent event in malignant diseases, leading to reduced tumour suppressor gene expression, we then studied regulation of BRCA1 expression by promoter hypermethylation in AML patients.
Vice versa, as BRAF point mutations are a frequent event in cutaneous melanomas [ 30], the one melanoma in our series with a BRAF point mutation (case 15; c.1799 T>A, p.V600E) might be a metastasis rather than a primary tumor.
2 In familial RCC, as well as in sporadic ccRCC, it is common that one VHL allele is deleted, whereas the remaining allele has acquired an inactivating aberration rendering a complete loss of functional protein. 1 It has been speculated that additional tumor suppressors are present on chromosome 3p as loss of this arm is a frequent event in ccRCC and other tumors.
Thus, FOXM1 and PLK1 overexpression appears to be a frequent event in oesophageal tumourigenesis, as previous studies demonstrated that they are overexpressed in oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas (Feng et al, 2009; Zhao et al, 2010; Hui et al, 2012).
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