But the distinction between authentic and derivative is more complicated when discussing authenticity as a characteristic attributed to human beings.
As with previously described mammalian expressed bi- and tribodies[ 23], the HEK293T and NS0 produced PH1 bi- and tribody were expressed almost exclusively as correctly heterodimerised Fab-scFv products, a characteristic attributed to processing in the endoplasmatic reticulum of the L and Fd chains by the mammalian immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) chaperone [ 29].
Identifications are usually made by comparing unknown sequences against known species DNA barcodes via distance-based tree construction [ 7, 10, 11], alignment searching (e.g., BLAST; [ 12, 13]), or methods recently proposed such as the characteristic attribute organization system (CAOS) [ 14], decision theory [ 15], and the back-propagation neural network (BP-based species identification) [ 16].
Sarkar et al. [70] expanding on population aggregation analysis (PAA) [33], named such diagnostics as characteristic attributes (CAs) and defined them as "a character state found in one clade but not its sister group".
The accuracy of stroke/TIA symptoms identification was thus attributed as a characteristic of the OCs according to the performance obtained on the whole population, with and without CPSS.
Similar enrichment was also seen for lncRNAs, although the enrichment was more cell type-specific, supporting the characteristic attribute of lncRNAs as cell type-specific transcripts.
Chalmers, for example, makes the startling proposition that consciousness must be accepted as a characteristic of the universe completely distinct from previously recognized physical attributes, such as matter, energy, forces, and motions.
Identity of a person in terms of self-relatedness of characteristic attributes is focused on a self-as-content.
The disputed objectivity of the impairment classification is adduced by Tremain to argue that impairments "must no longer be theorized as essential biological characteristics (attributes) of a 'real' body on which recognizably disabling conditions are imposed" (2001, 632).
It, however, does not directly represent characteristic attributes such as polarity, molecular size, and other features of residues.
