The artificial shortage theory would hold more water if Apple's own stores started "running out" of iPhones as well.
He's most notable for his work in the field of artificial intelligence theory, which is like philosophy with way more math.
The short answer to why randomness is important in artificial intelligence theory is that an intelligent system can distinguish between a useful signal and random noise, and therefore it is important to study randomness, but that's not the primary reason.
Whereas cells are phenomena which can be described through multiple perspectives, a system is a term within an artificial scientific theory.
Multi-agent system is a new technology that brings artificial intelligence theories into practical existence.
It is a highly interdisciplinary field building upon ideas from many different kinds of fields such as artificial intelligence, optimization theory, information theory, statistics, cognitive science, optimal control, and many other disciplines of science, engineering, and mathematics [15 18].
The winner of a MacArthur "genius" fellowship, Mr Powers has for almost 20 years taken up such arcane subjects as artificial intelligence, game theory and information technology, and woven them into compelling human dramas that are, furthermore, invariably ambitious in their linguistic and emotional reach.
Third, radar: "CFAR detection from non-coherent radar echoes using bayesian theory", "Artificial neural network-based clutter reduction systems for ship size estimation in maritime radars".
The specific mechanism(s) involved in this transformation most notably artificial selection represents the theory proposed to explain the fact and also is generally agreed upon.
Such problems are found in a wide range of applications, including artificial intelligence, game theory, graph partitioning, database query optimization, etc.
