The phrase "artificial loading are" is not correct in written English.
It appears to be a grammatical error, as "are" should not follow "artificial loading" without a subject that agrees with it.
Example: "The effects of artificial loading are significant in this study."
Alternatives: "artificial loading is" or "the artificial loading process is".
This mechanism has been the subject of a number of in vivo studies in animals in which artificial loads have been applied to the bones on one side and the modelling and remodelling responses in the loaded bones compared with those in the non-loaded contra-lateral pair [2 29].
Reducing the background level of the naturally engendered strain environment allows adaptive responses to artificial loading to be demonstrated at lower loads.
In the second phase, the post-cracking behaviour of SFRC pipes under artificial live loads was examined.
While determining the boundary conditions between the implant and the artificial mandibular bone, immediate loading was assumed, but not osseointegration.
In mice when ERα is absent the adaptive response to artificial loading in vivo is attenuated [14].
Therefore, although Mb clearly has a significant influence upon take-off performance, artificial loading experiments can be hard to interpret and do not necessarily mimic the situation in wild birds.
For the experimental studies, quasi-isotropic CFRP specimens are realized with and without artificial debonds and the buckling loads are obtained from the experiment with clamped and free boundary conditions at the loading and the non-loading edges respectively.
In conclusion, the data presented here, obtained from skeletally mature female C57BL/6 mice, suggest that the (re)modelling response of bones subject to short periods of artificial loading that engenders physiological strains is confined to the bones that are loaded.
In this study, to reduce the number of simulations and, at the same time, increase the accuracy of results, a correction factor of the stress transfer function induced by wind load was artificial-neural-network-approximated as a function of mean wind speed and frequency.
Exercise was combined with artificial loading sufficient to cause bone gain in young and aged mice.
