Conclusions: In our patients the addition of sufentanil in the intra-articular solution did not provide better control of pain.
The patients were allocated into three groups according to intra-articular solution received: Control group (physiologic saline), TXA-250 group (TXA 250 mg), and TXA-500 group (TXA 500 mg).
This presentation will review our research over the past 10 years on modeling of various key phenomena relevant to the cryopreservation of articular cartilage including solution thermodynamics; water transport; and the transport, toxicity, and vitrifiability of cryoprotectants.
In this study we designed and utilized an apparatus for directly measuring the osmotic pressure of chondroitin sulfate, the primary glycosaminoglycan found in articular cartilage, in solution with varying bathing ionic strength (0.015 M, 0.15 M, 0.5 M, 1 M, and 2 M NaCl) at room temperature.
This shear force will partially be conveyed directly by friction with the opposing cartilage and partially by the intra-articular remaining saline solution.
In an exploratory study, the effectiveness of intra-articular injections of a solution combining hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate was assessed in 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis [19].
Twelve days after the second immunization, the 'immunized' rabbits were anesthetized and arthritis was induced by 0.5 ml bilateral knee intra-articular injections of a solution of 20 mg/ml ovalbumin in saline.
Our findings indicate that the osmotic pressure resulting from configurational entropy is much smaller in cartilage (based on an earlier study on bovine articular cartilage) than in free solution.
Equal volumes of alginate solution and human articular chondrocyte suspension were combined to yield suspensions with final cell densities of 2 × 107 cells/ml in 1.5% (w/v) alginate.
In the second system, we used osmotic pressure caused by the ion concentration change in the bathing solutions for the articular cartilage to deform them.
In the in vivo experiments, five horses were subjected to both intravenous and intra-articular administration of an aqueous solution of 3.9 mg DTZ/kg.
