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All 25 articles were assessed using the QUADAS tool and the scores ranged from 8 to 14, with an average score of 10.44 (see Table S4 for quality assessment of individual studies).
The articles were assessed using the complete STARD and QUADAS checklists.
The three qualitative articles were assessed using the Letts et al. tool [ 12].
Articles were assessed using a coding sheet adapted for the region which included themes on: Governance Arrangements, Financial Arrangements, Delivery Arrangements, and Implementation Strategies.
Selected articles were assessed using the PEDro Scale for methodological quality and findings were synthesised narratively as meta-analysis was found to be inappropriate due to heterogeneity among included studies.
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Quality of these articles was assessed using the Quality Assessment of the Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy Included in Systematic Reviews (QUADAS) criteria.
Quality of articles was assessed using the GRADE guidelines.
The quality of the articles was assessed using the GRADE guidelines.
The methodological quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence- Based Medicine (CEBM) levels of evidence.
Quality of the full-text articles was assessed using a prevalidated tool, the "Modified Downs and Black criteria" for observational studies [ 37].
The risk of bias of the identified RCT articles was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool [ 29] (Additional file 1: Table S1).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com