Test coverage in the context of this article denotes the percentage of equivalence classes rather than the percentage of possible signals that is reached by the test.
In the case of steganalysis as performed in this article, denotes the feature vector corresponding to image, while is the corresponding class of the image (i.e., stego or cover).
The mechanism of the process-based route within this article denotes that the reaction process between the oxidant and the redox-sensitive cysteine associated with its relevant residue(s) perturbs the protein binding interaction with its counterpart.
Throughout the article denoted by ℝ is the set of all real numbers, by (mathbb{R}_) is the set of all positive real numbers and by ℕ is the set of all natural numbers.
Throughout the article denoted by ℝ is the set of all real numbers, by ℝ+ is the set of all positive real numbers and by ℕ is the set of all natural numbers.
Almost sure events are Palmost sure in this article denoted by "a.s".. Suppose f t, 0, y) = 0, g t, 0, y) = 0 and I i (t, 0) = 0 for t > t0, then x t) ≡ 0 is the solution of (1), which is called zero solution of (1).
To validate our opinion different annotators reach high agreement on noun phrases, we randomly select 20 articles and annotate keyphrases that may contain adjectives for each article, denoted by S. Then we compare our manually labeled keyphrases with the benchmark that is used in the work [31], denoted by T. We find that the proportion of common general phrases is (|S cap T|/|S cup T|) = 44%.
Throughout this article, E denotes the expectation, † denotes the conjugate transpose matrix, T denotes the transpose matrix, ⊙ denotes the Hadamard product and ⊗ denotes the Kronecker product, I n denotes a n × n identity matrix, I n × m denotes a n × m matrix of ones, and 0 represents a zero matrix.
Throughout this article, t denotes time prospectively, while s denotes units of time into the past from the last taxon sampled.
Throughout this article, ℝ denotes the set of real numbers and ℝ+ = [0,∞), while ℤ denotes the set of integers, and ℕ0 denotes the set of nonnegative integers. For a function f and two integers m0, m1, we have ∑ s = m 0 m 1 f = 0 provided m0 > m1.
Throughout the article, ℝ denotes the set of real numbers, x = ( x 1, x 2, …, x n ) denotes n-tuple (n-dimensional real vectors), the set of vectors can be written as R n = { x = ( x 1, …, x n ) : x i ∈ R, i = 1, …, n }, R + n = { x = ( x 1, …, x n ) : x i > 0, i = 1, …, n }.
