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There are two main reasons for possible artefacts: (1) the presence of materials in the patient with effective atomic numbers (Zeff) that do not conform to the basic assumptions in the bi-linear transformation model [1, 52] and (2) mismatch between the CT and PET due to patient respiration, cardiac motion and bowel movement [53].
In this study, we assessed, using the same data set and accounting for measurement artefacts, (1) the predictive advantage of BIS compared to SFBIA; (2) the predictive power of four popular 50 kHz single frequency methods compared to; (3) the performance of the two most frequently used BIS-based methods for prediction of TBW as measured by the reference method of tritium dilution.
The box plot charts in figure 1B, C show the distribution of λ⊥ and MD, respectively, in the hemidorsal region of the spinal cord, corresponding to the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway ipsilateral to electrical stimuli delivered when investigating SEPs (see below), in 20 controls and 19 patients (due to artefacts, 1 control and 2 patients were excluded).
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Within archaeometric research, previous studies have also employed pXRF devices in the measurement of the elemental composition of bulk and corrosion layers of copper-alloyed artefacts [1, 4].
Caretakers face an array of specific needs and demands according to materials and environment in order to preserve the artefacts [1, 2].
For example, copper has been used in the Iranian Plateau for 9000 years and it has been continued with production of bronze alloy for about 5000 years to make various artefacts [1, 2].
At lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), despite the signal saturation bands that are used in standard international protocols to reduce the number and severity of artefacts [1], incidental abnormalities may arise from a wide range of abdominal and pelvic organs and the diseases encountered may be extremely diverse.
Also, the 3D-SPACE technique is non-invasive and less sensitive to artefacts [17, 18, 19].
As previously described the collection of 382 objects includes approximately 350 ceramic artefacts [24].
segmentation of bone, air and soft tissue, as well as truncation artefacts [2, 21].
This time frame allows for excellent T2-weighted images without relevant motion artefacts [84].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com