This dataset displays an interesting example of systematic artefact When analyzed with current models of evolution, depending on the outgroup, two highly supported, yet contradictory, phylogenetic positions are obtained for two fast-evolving phyla, nematodes and platyhelminths.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04664.015 To exclude that the ubiquitous p38-GFP nuclear clearance did reflect a visualization artefact, we analyzed the p38 activation in embryos misexpressing hbox12 in one blastomere at the 4-cell stage, rather than into the zygote.
We test the idea that the parasites clan is an ortholog identification artefact by analyzing three different ortholog databases (COG, TRIBES, and OFAM), which were constructed using different methods, and are thus unlikely to share the same biases.
To study the stratigraphy of corrosion layers and their composition, some bronze artefacts have been analyzed using SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive Spectrometry) and Optical Microscopy analyses.
To prevent artefacts, all samples were analyzed uncoated.
As an additional quality control for staining artefacts all images were analyzed by eye resulting in an overall exclusion of 15% of the images.
The duration of each condition was not less than 2 min, and after artefact reduction and removal, I analyzed the first 50 sec of spontaneous EEG signals recorded from 19 scalp locations.
However, there can be LBA artefact due to high diversity of analyzed sequences (see Figure 2 for details).
Of the 66 who consented to the study, 1 child's ERP data was not analyzed due to excessive artefact.
In such cases, all available data are analyzed but with an artefact due to the misalignment of values included in similar classes of expression level, compared to their sample of origin.
