Figure 3 shows as examples the high correlation of log2 ratios from the cerebellum- versus-spleen arrays obtained using tissues from two individuals, one male and one female (Pearson R2 = 0.92 comparing replicates from the same donor, and R2 = 0.86 comparing samples across donors).
The minimum patterning sizes of a 50 nm linewidth for a nanotrench and a 400 nm diameter for a nanowell array were obtained using the developed DODE lithography method.
The tumour-to-reference fluorescence intensity ratio (T/R) was calculated from the hybridized array images obtained using a DNA microarray scanner (Feature Extraction software 10.7.3.1).
Hence, the 2,324 genes contained within regions of copy number gains were analyzed with regard to their expression from array data obtained using the macrodissection method (feature selection P < 0.05).
To further validate the array data (obtained using three female and three male samples), we took advantage of the spectral map analysis (Supplementary Fig. 3A) and performed pyrosequencing of the most discordant regions for each of the genes identified using an additional set of biological samples (a distinct group of three female and three male samples).
The QD arrays were obtained using chemical functionalization of graphene or MLG films in an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid.
UV-vis diffused reflectance spectra of N-TiO2 and V, N-co-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were obtained using a UV-vis spectrophotometer UV-25500, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).
The TiO2 nanorod arrays were obtained using the following hydrothermal methods: 50 mL of deionized water was mixed with 40 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Further detailed structural information of the oriented Bi-Ni nanowire and nanocable arrays was obtained using a Tecnai G2 F20 U-TWIN field-emission transmission electron microscope [TEM] (FEI, Shanghai, China) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy [EDS] system, digital scanning attachment, and high-angle annular dark field [HAADF] detector.
Data from scanned arrays were obtained using the GenePix software package (Axon Instruments, Union City, CA).
