Methodologies such as suspension arrays also known as bead assays together with optical fiber-based sensors, on their own or in combination with microfluidic devices will continue to have an important role to address the grand challenge of real-time in vivo multiplex cytokine detection.
Another promising technology: gene expression arrays, also known as "gene chips".
The 3GPP 3D channel model enables to scrutinize 2-dimensional (2D) planar antenna arrays, also known as rectangular arrays.
Merck, the world's third-largest drug company, is using gene expression arrays, also known as DNA chips, to keep clinical duds from reaching expensive animal or human trials.
In this paper we present an algorithm for the calculation of the background level for Affymetrix expression arrays, also known as GeneChips.
At present, there are two principle technologies available for genotyping thousands of SNP loci simultaneously in custom arrays (also known as 'SNP chips'); Illumina Infinium (San Diego, California, USA) [ 31] and Affymetrix Axiom (Santa Clara, California, USA) [ 32].
While ChIPed DNA was first analysed at genome-wide level by hybridization to genomic tiling arrays (also known as ChIP-on-chip or ChIP-chip), direct sequencing is generally used these days (referred to as ChIP-seq).
The centromeres of human chromosomes are characterized by the presence of megabase-size alpha-satellite DNA arrays (also known as alphoid DNA), which are composed of a tandem array of a 171 bp repeat unit with no homology to mouse minor and major satellites.
In contrast, in most bony vertebrates (from teleost fishes to mammals), the V H, D, J H, and C H gene segments are in tandem arrays, also known as translocon organisation (V H n- D m-(J H n- D m-y [ 10- 13].
