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The results show a notable difference in both aromatic sheet shape and aromaticity factors for (AS DP and (AS WL.
The latter sample has the higher aromaticity (f a = 0.53) and the smaller aromatic sheet shape factors (Φ = 0.35) in comparison with (AS DP (f a = 0.43 and Φ = 0.55).
The unstable asphaltenes (AS DP, which were extracted from the stage tank deposit, have a higher heteroatoms content (E = 12.6 wt%), lower aromaticity factor (f a = 0.43), and higher aromatic sheet shape factor (Φ = 0.55) in comparison with the stable sample derived directly from the petroleum well (AS WL (E = 8.2 wt%, f a = 0.53, and Φ = 0.35).
From these results together with the elemental analysis data (Table 2), the main molecular parameters of asphaltene fractions, such as aromaticity factor (f a), alkyl side chain (n), and shape factor of the aromatic sheet, are calculated according to the formulas proposed by Speight (Speight 1970).
The smaller aromatic sheet shape factor value can indicate that the aromatic rings are very condensed in (AS WL molecules with respect to (AS DP.
With 1H-NMR and elemental analysis measurements, the aromaticity factor (f a), the average number of carbons per alkyl side chain (n), and shape factor of the aromatic sheet of both asphaltene fractions were evaluated with the formulae reported in the literature (Dickinson 1980; Daaou et al. 2008, 2009; Matsumura and Sato 2009).
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These nuclei consist of aromatic sheets separated by voids with an average width of 30 40 nm.
An amphiphilic aromatic molecular sheet based on four pyrene units and a laterally grafted hydrophilic oligoxyethylene dendron was designed by Lee and co-workers for selective dispersion of 2-D graphene sheets in MeOH/water solution [63].
The DOPC molecules, in liquid phase, probably spread over the rGO surface with their tails associating closely with the hydrophobic aromatic plane, and accumulate to form circles of high area surrounding the defect holes on rGO sheets.
Through calibrated palates and aromatic crib sheets, sensory experts like Almena-Aliste are forging a new shared language of connoisseurship.
Sulfonation of incompletely carbonized d-glucose results in amorphous carbon consisting of small polycyclic aromatic carbon sheets with high density of SO3H groups.
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