The arithmetic word problem must be encoded and then translated into a more abstract representation, a basic arithmetic problem, which then has to be solved.
The left AG shows stronger activation for solving arithmetic problems for which participants report fact retrieval whereas the application of procedural strategies is accompanied by widespread activation in a fronto-parietal network [ 46].
The left AG shows stronger activation for solving arithmetic problems for which participants report fact retrieval whereas the application of procedural strategies is accompanied by activation in a fronto-parietal network [ 54].
There was an equal amount of anagrams and arithmetic problems in each block, which were presented in random order.
The frontoparietal activation observed in L1 addition tasks in the current study is consistent with previous studies in which arithmetic problems were visually presented in the form of Arabic digits and tested with different operations (Burbaud et al. 1999; Chochon et al. 1999; Fulbright et al. 2000; Menon, Rivera, White, Glover, et al. 2000; Jost et al. 2009; Keller and Menon 2009).
There are around 40 exercises available, including "speed match", in which players click if an image matches a previous one; "memory matrix", which requires remembering which squares on a matrix were shaded; and "raindrops", which involves solving arithmetic problems before the raindrops containing them hit the ground.
One was a test for working memory, in which the subject is shown simple arithmetic problems, like 7+5 = 12.
The children solved basic arithmetic problems under two conditions: a free-choice condition in which they were allowed to solve the problems any way they preferred and a game condition in which the children's strategy use was constrained so that all children used the same strategies on the same arithmetic problems.
A mixed experimental design was employed in which 77 U.K. primary school children performed mental arithmetic problems of increasing difficulty.
Inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner, which monitors brain activity, a subject worked on difficult arithmetic problems while a fake "performance monitor" indicated a dismal success rate compared with other subjects.
