Human speech comprehension has been argued to have evolved as a special and unique form of perceptual expertise.
As with other forms of collective action, punishment of defectors has been argued to have evolved through cultural group selection (e.g., Boyd et al. 2005; Richerson and Boyd 1999).
In Escherichia other OM proteins (e.g. OmpF/C) appear to require LPS for their correct assembly and thus might be argued to have originated after LPS evolved, but dependence on LPS is not universal as Neisseria can dispense with it at least in the laboratory [ 60], weakening such an interpretation.
But all the brain subdivisions to support vocal learning are there, so I'd argue the capacity to evolve vocal learning did exist in dinosaurs," he said.
For instance, MacArthur and Brookfield (2004) argued that the time to evolve a CRM that drives a certain level of activation by a TF may be influenced by the CG-content of the initial sequence.
As someone who often argues that capitalism needs to evolve as technology remakes our societies and economies, I'm not necessarily opposed to a subtle redefinition of "ownership".
In the above narrative, the main distinction lies between gene-rich and gene-poor regions which we argued should have a tendency to evolve and maintain different primary structures because on average they tend to have different syndromes of DNA metabolism.
We argue that for the field to evolve, it is important to establish the study of HBCSSs as an independent research area, which means that instead of only applying theories from related disciplines to HBCSSs, we need to significantly extend and adapt these theories, or develop new theories, to explain the phenomena that are encountered.
Dr. Thornton argues that once the restrictive mutations evolved, they made it practically impossible for the receptor to evolve back to its original form.
The question of whether selection of signals works at the level of the individual organism or gene, or at the level of the group, has been debated by biologists such as Richard Dawkins, arguing that individuals evolve to signal and to receive signals better, including resisting manipulation.
