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The geometric mean is calculated by dividing the area under the waveform in a definite interval (i.e. the definite integral of the waveform) by the value of the definite interval [15].
Pulsatility index (PI) is equal to systolic (S) minus diastolic (D) amplitude value of arterial waveform, divided by the mean (M) value of the area under the waveform.
The software algorithm then calculated area under the curve (AUC) for each cardiac cycle as the area under the waveform bounded by the point of deflection from baseline to the point of return to baseline.
The geometric mean is calculated by dividing the area under the waveform in a definite interval (i.e. the definite integral of the waveform) by the value of the definite interval [ 15].
Similarly some of the algorithms have advantages such as the half-area approach; it is based on the area under the waveform, thus, the integration of the noise is low-to-zero rendering this method very useful in high noise scenarios.
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Waveform characteristics of latency, amplitude, duration, phases, and area-under-the-curve (AUC) were measured, and an intraoperative spinal cord index (ISCI) was calculated for 5 traces prior to complete MEP loss.
Area-under-the-headache curve.
Finally we estimated the area under the canopy waveform as described in Garcia et al. [25].
We utilized arbitrary AE energy units (the area under the received waveform signal) for comparison of AE activity across the datasets.
For instance, the area under the canopy waveform (AUCW) obtained from the echo-based model showed significant differences in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California (SNM herein after) and on Barro Colorado Island, Panama (BCI herein after), whereas in the Sierra do Mar in Brazil (SdM herein after) differences were not statistically significant.
The area under the velocity waveform (VTI) was measured by manual tracing of the modal velocity envelope of the flow profile, thus allowing the measurement of the mean velocity of blood flow (Vmean).
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