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This technique is a promising candidate for the fabrication of nano structures on large surface area of substrates.
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The simulation is performed on an array of 60 × 60 unit cells of GaAs which approximately equals to 30 × 30 nm area of substrate.
This energy loss was proposed to be a consequence of parasitic current flow due to the substrate cross-conduction effect and can be likely minimized through controlling the distance between the anode electrodes or/and the cross-sectional area of substrate flow.
Immediately prior to tensile testing, the area of substrate overlap was measured using digital calipers.
Final dimensions of the area of substrate overlap and adhesive interface were approximately 1.2 cm × 2.5 cm.
Within host tissue competition requires either direct contact, or residence within the same small area of substrate.
SCB pretreatment has been found useful in easing the difficulties of microorganisms' attack by enlarging the inner surface area of substrate particles.
This effect could be related to interactions between amino acid residues at the entrance into the active site and the carriers that extended area of substrate entrance.
Such hydrophobic mismatch would be energetically unfavourable, and different ways of alleviating it can be envisaged, for example (i) tilting of substrate TMD in the membrane or (ii) minimising the solvent-exposed hydrophobic surface area of substrate TMD by its interaction with GlpG.
Achieving spatially, specific, selective, highly ordered, and uniform growth of ZnO NRAs on wanted areas of substrates via a one-step approach by solution method without using seed layer remains a prominent challenge, although impressive progresses have been made using seeded substrates [17, 18].
In case of complex product mixtures, conversions were calculated from respective relative peak areas of substrates.
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