The supposed definition of "racial profiling" — that the alleged behavior of any fragment of a population becomes the basis for categorizing it in its sum, that epidermal hues are a valid means of reflexively predicting character — is what we, in more honest moments in our past, simply referred to as racism.
The Nyaya school holds that there are four valid means of knowledge: perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), comparison (upamana), and sound, or testimony (shabda).
Northern Irish banknotes are a valid means of payment in Northern Ireland and England, but again shops don't have to accept them.
Two-day diet records are a valid means of measuring food and nutrient intakes [17].
LSMDs are a valid means of defining sub-groups within non-specific LBP, in a conservative care population of patients with RCLBP.
SIGNIFICANCE: The WFR of median nerve area promises to be a valid means of diagnosing CTS, and may be superior to measuring median nerve area at the wrist alone.
The response to BPA in vivo has been varied; thus the aims of this study were to investigate a) whether BPA has an estrogenic effect in CD-1 mice, a strain that is useful for developmental studies; and b) whether the uterotrophic assay is a valid means of determining the estrogenicity of BPA by comparing it with other end points measured in the uterus.
In the cut bamboo experiments, we found that Fd measurement using a 10 mm probe was a valid means of determining the water-use behavior of a Moso bamboo, although a specific correction was needed.
This is a valid means of comparing multiple samples, however, it doesn't speak to the purity of the samples being compared.
Switching antiretroviral drugs for others that have the same efficacy and safety profile at a lower cost (cost-reduction measures, CRM) could prove to be a valid means of generating savings.
