Sentence examples for are strongly selected from inspiring English sources

Although we previously identified two null alleles in macaque CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, the null allele frequencies were less than 1% [ 38], indicating the null variants in CYP3A4/5 are strongly selected against by natural selection in contrast to CYP1A2.

Considering the first definition – the sum of bite lengths – the explanation is that under strong direct selection, individuals with large bites are strongly selected for and reproduce.

Because infection by T. aphyllus decreases fruit and seed production and often suppresses entirely cactus reproduction (Silva and Martinez del Río 1996; Medel 2000), short-spined individuals are strongly selected against, and long spines are expected to evolve as a result of parasite-mediated selection.

These amino acids are strongly selected for in mitochondrial genomes because mitochondrial proteins have multiple membrane-spanning domains.

By contrast, this study's data convincingly show that hypoxia can limit the size of insects, even when they are strongly selected for large size (Fig. 1).

It will now be most interesting to validate these in silico data in vivo, and identify experimentally the codon-pair contexts that are strongly selected for high mRNA decoding fidelity.

Well-established theories of sexual selection maintain that traits which are favorable in mate choice will be strongly selected for, even if natural selection does not favor these traits.

Additionally, selection analyses found that aggressiveness was strongly selected against older populations (which lacked mountain bluebirds), possibly because of the poor parental care provided by aggressive individuals (Duckworth and Badyaev 2007).

Especially interesting are new strategies for using 'signals of selection' to determine which genes have been strongly selected in the past few thousand generations.

This gene has been associated with the 'long ear' phenotype, which characterizes the Gir breed, and against which the Nelore breed has been strongly selected; this reveals a clear sign of differential selection between the indicine breeds [ 41].

Indeed, T2 was strongly selected for, while genetic trends for T4 showed no selection pressure in any direction (Fig.  4).