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stephensi, are resistant to multiple insecticides although resistance varies dramatically between populations, apparently depending on the history of insecticide use and selection.
As both methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA are resistant to multiple antibiotics, full multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) profiles are required to aid successful therapy and maintain an understanding of the ever changing dynamics of antimicrobial resistance.
However, the development of drug resistance leads to the emergence of HIV strains that are resistant to multiple anti-AIDS drugs.
The spread of blaNDM-1 among bacterial pathogens is of concern not only because of resistance to carbapenems but also because such pathogens typically are resistant to multiple antimicrobial drug classes, which leaves few treatment choices available (3 – 5 ).
The versatility and ability of P. aeruginosa to combine different resistance mechanisms has led to emergence of strains that are resistant to multiple antimicrobial drugs, which severely limits therapeutic options for treating infections (8, 9 ).
If individual organisms are resistant to multiple drugs, then use of any one of these may promote resistance to others (29 ).
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A low level of antimicrobial resistance (3.7%) was detected and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance did not differ among super- and low-shedder isolates (P = 0.69), although all super-shedder isolates with antimicrobial resistance (n = 3) were resistant to multiple antimicrobials.
Integrase sequence can insert many cassettes coding for different antibiotic resistance, therefore, making a single bacterium possessing it to be resistant to multiple antibiotics.
It is resistant to multiple antibiotics, including tetracycline, clindamycin, and erythromycin with resistance-conferring mutations in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene (G1058C) and the 23S rRNA gene (A2058G).
One aspect of the epidemic, though, has received little notice: this aberrant strain is resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics.
Out of 12m TB cases in 2010, 650,000 were resistant to multiple drugs, according to the World Health Organisation.
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