Passive Optical Networks (PON) are recognized as a fundamental component of high-speed network access, and emerge as a solid networking solution for the smart grid.
Graphene itself has been recognized as an ideal optical material for optoelectronic applications replacing silicon and indium tin oxide because of the desirable properties offered, such as a good nonlinear effect, a low loss compared with usual metals [7], and a high carrier mobility.
Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) has been recognized as the most sensitive tool to diagnose optic nerve head drusen (ONHD).
III V semiconductor nanowires have been recognized as promising candidates for next-generation nanoscale electronic, optical, and quantum devices because of their unique electronic, optical, and geometrical properties [1 3].
Although Bartholin himself was unable to explain double refraction, it was recognized as a serious contradiction to Isaac Newton's optical theories.
Perceiving that light passing through calcite was split into two rays, he called the stationary image the "ordinary beam" and the moving image the "extraordinary beam". Although Bartholin himself was unable to explain double refraction, it was recognized as a serious contradiction to Isaac Newton's optical theories.
Putting no-load Optical Network Units (ONUs) into sleep mode has been recognized as a promising solution to achieve high energy efficiency for Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs).
To this end improvement of their optical pickup structure and control is recognized as a very challenging issue.
Optical signal processing has long been recognized as a promising route to a new class of fast and energy efficient devices.
Optical fiber sensors, which have been recognized as a standard for motion capture, have drawn some attention [5 7].
