Sentence examples for are primarily activated from inspiring English sources

In mammals, there are four class I PI3K, three of which (α, β, and δ) are primarily activated by tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, whereas PI3Kγ is the principal PI3K that relays signals via GPCRs to downstream pathways such as AKT and ERK/1/2 [7].

These studies show that areas of the dorsal visual stream, including visual, parietal and premotor cortex, are primarily activated.

In contrast, p38 and JNK are primarily activated by cellular stress and are often associated with inflammation and apoptosis.

At variance, JNK1/2 and p38MAPK are primarily activated by cellular stresses, including oxidative agents, UV irradiation, hypoxia, and proinflamatory cytokines.

aureus as well as TLR4 and CD14, both of which are primarily activated via LPS from Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli.

Eosinophils express CCR3-chemokine receptors and are primarily activated and recruited by chemokines CCL-chemokines such as CCL5/-7/-11/-16/-24 and -26, whexpresseutrophils express CXCR1 and -2 receptors and are primarily activated by CXCL-chemokines including CXCL1-3 and -5-8 [ 47].

VEGF, VEGF-B, and PlGF can bind and activate VEGFR-1, whereas VEGFR-2 is primarily activated by VEGF, and VEGFR-3 activation is only triggered by VEGF-C and VEGF-D [ 24].

N-alkylnitrosamines with relatively short alkyl chains such as NDMA and NMEA were primarily activated by CYP2E1 as judged by mutagen-producing capacity.

This part of our brain is concerned with our survival and is primarily activated by adrenaline, it's where our flight or fight response originates.

A contentious question has been whether polyQ-induced pathogenesis is primarily activated in the cytoplasm or in the cell nucleus.

Because virB is primarily activated during infection, we attempted to test whether these virulent genes were affected by the virB during macrophage cell infection.