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The phrase "are only characterised" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing specific traits or features that define something, often in a formal or academic context.
Example: "These species are only characterised by their unique mating rituals, which set them apart from others."
Alternatives: "are solely defined" or "are exclusively described".
Exact(1)
However, genome-sequencing projects have led to the identification of thousands of genes in higher vertebrates, the majority of which are only characterised by their sequence and genomic location, with their potential involvement in cardiovascular systems awaiting experimental investigation.
Similar(59)
FNAIT has been compared to BNP, but whereas FNAIT is only characterised by a thrombocytopenia, BNP is additionally characterized by lymphocytopenia and depletion of bone marrow cells.
It is only characterised as brazen and arrogant here because it was caught on tape and is so unambiguous that the typical linguistic contortions politicians make to minimise guilt avoid responsibility cannot possibly work.
The observed increasing trend of the proportion of children receiving latter vaccines later than 28 days could be due to forgetfulness or the perception of irrelevance of clinic attendance following the receipt of the third dose of the 5-in-1 vaccine as clinic attendance then is only characterised by the weighing of children and no vaccine administration.
OBJECTIVE: Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare disease, of which the EEG manifestations are only partially characterised.
Amongst others, the inflammation models used are only poorly characterised on phenotypic and genotypic levels.
Pharmacological DNA hypomethylation is an appealing strategy for cancer treatment owing to its pleiotropic activities that are only partially characterised.
The gut microbiota has profound effects on host physiology but local host microbial interactions in the gut are only poorly characterised and are likely to vary from the sparsely colonised duodenum to the densely colonised colon.
In this context, it should be stated that even in the best, most robustly parameterised microsimulations, gross approximations are made in describing the fabulously complex web of human behaviour, and even they are only attempts to characterise the statistical properties of the system as a whole.
However, the process of adipogenesis and the functional properties of the derived adipocytes was only minimally characterised.
The above tests were run under three different load spectra, by exploring uniaxial as well as in- and out-of-phase biaxial situations, in the latter case the axial and torsional load signals being not only characterised by non-zero mean values, but also by different frequencies.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com