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"The current review system exacerbates this as marks that have been given by one professional are often substituted by another professional with, usually, a higher mark.
Because the sievert and the rem are inconveniently large units for certain applications, the milligray (mGy; 1 mGy = 1/1000 Gy) and millisievert (mSv; 1 mSv = 1/1000 Sv) are often substituted.
It is also similar to beliefs and practices observed among present-day "primitive" agrarian peoples (in which pigs are often substituted for humans), such as in ceremonies of secret societies, initiation rites, sacrifices, celebrations of feasts of the dead, and notions about fertility, especially in connection with the growing and ripening of cultivated plants.
Unfortunately, impervious surface is difficult to measure directly, and other forms of land-use data are often substituted as surrogates.
Human enamel sections are often substituted by titanium [ 4], glass [ 1, 3, 6, 17] or hydroxyapatite discs [ 2, 14, 18].
Ile at positions 3 and Leu at position 7 are often substituted by each other and Leu at position 23 is often replaced by Phe (Table 2).
Similar(48)
And instead of offering wools blended with silk or cashmere, mills are often substituting viscose.
The term laterite is often substituted for ferricrete but technically refers to a soil rich in iron oxides and aluminum.
In the mid-1980s oil consumption surged in part because when oil fell below $20 a barrel, it was often substituted for gas.
Scientists aiming their gene sequencers at commercial seafood are discovering rampant labeling fraud in supermarket coolers and restaurant tables: cheap fish is often substituted for expensive fillets, and overfished species are passed off as fish whose numbers are plentiful.
This feature is often substituted for other aromatic rings and methoxy groups to increase hydrophobic interactions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com