This strategy is often effective in patients with less severe lung diseases, but is less efficacious in patients with ARDS with high shunt fractions [ 6].
However, despite their exquisite target selectivity, antibodies are often not efficacious enough to provide the desired therapeutic effect in isolation and are often prescribed in combination with a non-specific chemotherapy.
Experience has shown us that stigma is resilient, being difficult to eradicate; anti-stigma initiatives are often less than efficacious, especially regarding stigma toward schizophrenia [ 13- 15].
The perceived advantage of venom peptides over conventional small molecule inhibitors is that the toxins are often highly potent and efficacious (low nanomolar IC50s) and have a greater potential for selectivity due to their larger drug target interface.
While condoms are one of the most efficacious of HIV Prevention Interventions currently available, they are often not the most effective due to poor adherence [12].
Direct mucosal administrations of soluble antigens only elicit relative low immunogenicity, thus safe and efficacious mucosal adjuvants are often co-administered with antigens to increase immunogenicity of non-living vaccines (De Magistnis, 2006).
The heptapeptide SP1 7 amide (2, Arg1-Pro2-Lys3-Pro4-Gln5-Gln6-Phe7-NH2) is oftexperimentalcacious than 1 in expainmodels pain models.
Mucosal, as opposed to systemic vaccination is often more efficacious against mucosal pathogens due to their ability to induce secretory IgA [1], [2].
For example, for the large numbers of individuals suffering symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) where conventional treatment is often poorly efficacious, the potential for alternative evidence based therapies is considerable.
Previous studies show that efficacious therapies in clinical trials are often extended to a broader patient population, with a more variable and perhaps even a distinct pathophysiology [ 14– 17].
