Inset SPR sensorgrams are of equilibrium-based binding assays with reference subtraction.
Ultracentrifugation methods are of non-equilibrium type and subunits, originally in ribosome complexes, may become separated during a centrifugation run.
Labor markets can be and probably are out of equilibrium as the composition of labor demand shifts faster than the rather slower supply responses in areas like education and skills acquisition.
Pairs trading is an investment strategy used to exploit financial markets that are out of equilibrium.
Within North Fiji and Lau Basins, four of nine microsatellite markers (Ifr043, Ifr068, Ifr086, and Ifr103) failed to amplify, were out of equilibrium, or were under selection.
The reviewers are correct that the observations we make are of "conformational heterogeneity" near equilibrium.
However, none of the populations were out of equilibrium at all loci, nor was any locus out of equilibrium in all populations.
The figure shows that a large number of markers is out of equilibrium and reveals that disequilibrium is due mainly to a lack of heterozygotes.
It was soon realized that a fundamental concept was that of equilibrium.
"Our interest is primarily reliability, when supply and demand tend to be outside of equilibrium," Mr. Townsley said.
