p. quinquefasciatus and possibly other closely related Culex species with similar breeding requirements, which are major vectors of pathogens causing human diseases throughout the world.
Synthetic mosquito oviposition attractants are sorely needed for surveillance and control programs for Culex species, which are major vectors of pathogens causing various human diseases, including filariasis, encephalitis, and West Nile encephalomyelitis.
Culex mosquitoes are major vectors of pathogens including the human filarial nematode, Wuchereria bancrofti, and arboviruses such as St . Louisencephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Venezuela equine encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis and West Nile virus [4].
These species, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus, are major vectors of Yellow Fever, Dengue and West Nile viruses but are refractory to infection by human malaria parasites and very distantly related to anophelines, having diverged from a common ancestor ∼145 200 million years ago [7].
Mosquitoes in the genus Culex are major vectors of pathogens causing human diseases throughout the world, including Wulchereria bancrofti and arboviruses, such as, St . Louisencephalitis (SLE), Japanese encephalitis (JE), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), Western equine encephalitis (WEE), and West Nile Virus (WNV) [1].
However, whether or not ticks are major vectors of WNV has not been adequately investigated.
Hall argues for the relevance and importance of the study of pastoralists who by their very mobility have often been major vectors of change, particularly through contacts with neighbouring societies.
However, unlike rats, they are not known to be major vectors of the plague or of hemorrhagic fevers like hantavirus.
Considering the fact that F. occidentalis, T. tabaci and F. schultzei are major vectors for viruses of the American tospovirus clade [ 24], the first two species, which are present in Colombia, were tested as candidate vectors of ANSV.
Mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are major vectors for a number of important human pathogens including West Nile virus, St . Louisencephalitis virus, and Wuchereria bancrofti, a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis [1] [3].
Culex annulirostris mosquitoes are the major vectors of MVEV, and waterbirds, particularly ardeids, are thought to be the main vertebrate host.
