In prokaryotes, ABC transporters are involved in the uptake of a large variety of chemicals, including nutrients, osmoprotectants and signal molecules.
Specifically, astrocytes have contact with neuronal somata, dendrites, and enwrap synapses32, provide metabolic substrates for neurons, stabilize the extracellular ionic environment and pH, and are involved in the uptake of neurotransmitters and the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier33.
Robert Choy and James Thomas, from the University of Washington, have used the worm to show that Prozac, a popular anti-depressant drug, acts on a number of different nerve-cell receptor sites, not solely those that are involved in the uptake of the depression-related molecule serotonin.
They are involved in the uptake of a large array of organic nutrients and inorganic compounds, as well as the export of iron compounds, peptides and multi-drugs.
They are involved in the uptake of cholera toxin (CTxB), viruses [21] [23], as well as in the internalization of cross-linked GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs)[21], [24] and transmembrane receptors like TGFβ and EGFR [25], [26].
The finding that mannose-specific CLRs are involved in the uptake of mannosylated OVA antigens but not deglycosylated OVA antigens led us to consider that antigens might be sorted into distinct intracellular compartments according to their mannosylation status.
Both clathrin and caveolae mediated endocytosis pathways were involved in the uptake of SLN.
Tfrc is involved in the uptake of transferrin-bound iron by cells.
Therefore, it seemed likely that scavenger receptors may be involved in the uptake of cholesteryl esters, especially SR-BI.
In B. subtillis, ywbLMN appears to be involved in the uptake of free ferric iron [ 54].
The product of the COT1 gene is involved in the uptake of cobalt ions [ 44].
