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The phrase "are ill understood" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing concepts, ideas, or phenomena that are not well comprehended or are misunderstood.
Example: "Many aspects of human behavior are ill understood, leading to misconceptions in psychology."
Alternatives: "are poorly understood" or "are not well understood."
Exact(3)
The knowledge and behaviour of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) regarding cross-infection are ill understood.
Although the functional implications and the biological substrates that underlie hippocampal volume reductions are ill understood, animal studies have shown that chronic stress can induce cellular and dendritic atrophy, alter glia cell numbers and reduce adult neurogenesis [13] [20].
The reasons why minority ethnic groups suffer more and longer from dementia are ill understood but certainly manifold, partly linked to lower education and social deprivation [ 20].
Similar(57)
It is probable that even in the time of Cicero the proper notion of a gens and is rights were ill understood; and still later, owing to the great changes in the constitution, and the extinction of so many ancient gentes, the traces of the jus gentilitium were nearly effaced.
The archaeology of timber buildings was ill understood at the time of these excavations, so while much was learned of the nature of the town between the second and the fourth century AD, the origins and early development of Calleva, when timber was the major building material, remained obscure.
The exact role of these periplasmic components is ill understood.
In addition, autophagy may either promote cell survival or cell death, and the delicate balance between the two is ill understood [ 8].
However, the exact molecular basis underlying the treatment effects exerted by ADSCs is ill understood, and whether ADSCs cooperate with adipose tissue particles to improve mucosal function in patients with empty nose syndrome (ENS) has not been explored.
However, the physiological effects in the critically ill are poorly understood.
With short-term policy rates at or near zero, getting more of a monetary boost means expanding a set of instruments whose efficacy, and side-effects, are ill-understood (see article).
Patterns of tissue mobilisation in ruminants are ill-understood.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com